Topical Fluoridation
Dental caries is caused by acid-producing bacteria that collect around the teeth and gingivae (gums) in a sticky, clear film called "plaque." Without good daily oral hygiene and regular dental visits, teeth become more vulnerable to caries. Another key to good oral health is fluoride, a mineral that helps prevent caries and can repair teeth in the very early stages of the disease. Fluoride can be obtained in two forms: topical and systemic.
TOPICAL AND SYSTEMIC FLUORIDES
Topical fluorides are applied directly to the tooth enamel (toothpastes, mouthrinses, in-office treatments). Systemic fluorides are swallowed (fluoridated water, supplements). Maximum reduction in caries is achieved when fluoride is available both topically and systemically.
Factors that may increase caries risk include:
- poor oral hygiene
- active caries
- eating disorders
- drug or alcohol abuse
- lack of regular professional dental care
- active orthodontic treatment combined with poor oral hygiene
- exposed root surfaces
- decreased salivary flow (dry mouth)
- poor diet
- existing restorations
- tooth enamel defects
- head and neck radiation therapy
PROFESSIONAL FLUORIDE TREATMENT
If you or a family member are at moderate to high risk of developing caries, a professional fluoride treatment can help. The office preparation is much stronger than store toothpastes or rinses. Treatment takes a few minutes (solution, gel, foam or varnish). Afterward you may be asked not to rinse, eat or drink for at least 30 minutes. Treatments may be recommended every 3, 6 or 12 months depending on risk.